By the early 1600s, pattern welded gun barrels were being produced in India and Turkey, and examples exist of mid-1600s Turkish Miquelet barrels clearly showing a Four Iron Crolle pattern. At some point pattern welded sword methodology was applied to gun barrel methodology - twisting rods composed of thin layers of iron and steel, wrapping the rods around a mandrel, and hammer welding the edges. By the sixth century, pattern welded sword blades had made their way to Northern Europe and by 1000 were being manufactured from Toledo, Spain in the West to Indonesia ( Kris) in the Far East.įrom 1096-1270, Crusaders returned home from the Middle East bearing both the scars and samples of “ Damascus” blades.Ībout 1300 the first iron “hand cannon” barrels were produced by folding a sheet of iron over a mandrel and hammer welding the long edge. Possibly in an attempt to reproduce these patterns, bladesmiths layered thin sheets of iron and steel which were repeatedly folded and hammer welded, then treated with an etching agent (at first citrus juices) to enhance the contrast. Text and images may be enlarged using Ctrl + Attribution has been made when possible, but we will remove any image if notified that the use thereof is a violation of Copyright or Intellectual Property restrictions. Some of the pictures which appear originated on internet discussion forums and firearm auction sites. You are also invited to walk back in time to the Shotgun Research and the Turn-of-the-Century Shooters and Shooting documents. Drew Hause may be contacted at would be happy to provide an opinion as to the pattern of your barrels (Damascus, Twist, or Laminated Steel) if you would post high resolution ultra close up pictures (partial sunlight works well) here: We welcome input from any source, and Dr. It is very likely that our current knowledge contains errors, and we are continually revising the contents as new information becomes available. This is not a commercial site we are offering only facts regarding Damascus as best as can be determined. The history of Damascus barrels can not be understood apart from Damascus blades, but our focus is upon the former. This site was established as a library for the acquisition, collection, and transmission of knowledge, new and old, regarding Pattern Welded (Crolle Damascus, Twist & Laminated Steel) shotgun barrels. Smith A-2 Variation 1 with "English Best Laminated Steel" barrels
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